Ethylene Diamine (CAS 107-15-3): A Multifunctional Agent in Textile Finishing

On the stage of textile finishing, one substance is emerging as a key driver of industry transformation, thanks to its exceptional performance and environmental advantages — Ethylene Diamine (abbreviated as EDA, CAS No.: 107-15-3).

Traditional textile finishing agents often rely on formaldehyde or heavy metals to impart functions such as wrinkle resistance and water repellency to fabrics, yet these pose serious risks to human health and the ecological environment. As a next-generation core ingredient, ethylene diamine introduces a breakthrough in textile finishing through its unique triple mechanism of action.

From the perspective of molecular cross-linking, the distinctive dual-amino group structure (-NH₂) of ethylene diamine can form stable covalent bonds with hydroxyl groups (-OH) in fibers, constructing a three-dimensional network structure. This structure acts like a robust "protective net" for the fabric, significantly enhancing its wrinkle resistance and dimensional stability. Fabrics finished with ethylene diamine quickly return to a smooth state even after repeated folding, greatly improving the wearing experience and durability of garments.

In terms of chelation enhancement, the nitrogen atoms in the ethylene diamine molecule possess lone pair electrons that function like precise "catchers," efficiently trapping metal ions (such as Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺). During the dyeing process, metal ions often cause dye aggregation, adversely affecting coloration outcomes and color fastness. The chelating action of ethylene diamine effectively prevents this phenomenon, increasing the fabric’s color fastness by 1.5–2 grades and making garment colors more vibrant and long-lasting.

Ethylene diamine also exhibits excellent interfacial compatibility. As an amphoteric solvent, it readily dissolves protein fibers such as wool and silk while synergizing with polyurethane resins to form a uniform dyeing and finishing system. This ensures ideal treatment results for fabrics of different materials, significantly improving softness, gloss, and breathability.

In eco-friendly formulation systems, ethylene diamine plays a central role. Combined with polyurethane resins for elasticity, organic silicones for softness, and formaldehyde-free cross-linking agents, it enables zero formaldehyde emissions. Compared to traditional processes, this system not only reduces the amount of finishing agents used by 30% but also meets stringent environmental standards such as the EU REACH regulations.

In Southeast Asian markets, ethylene diamine is leading a structural transformation in the textile industry. The localization of fast fashion production, stricter environmental regulations, and growing demand for high-end fabrics are creating broad development opportunities for ethylene diamine-based finishing agents. Looking ahead, with ongoing research and development of bio-based ethylene diamine, this "molecular engineer" in textile finishing will continue to redefine industry standards and drive the textile sector toward higher added value and greater sustainability.

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